厭世

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File:LeMisanthrope.jpg
Le Misanthrope 1719 Ed.

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厭世（Misanthropy），西方語言稱為人類厭惡（源自希臘語：μῖσος{{#if:|}}「仇恨」與{{#switch:gre 

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|dk = ἄνθρωπος模板參數錯誤：丹麥文請使用da
|unicode|ipa = ἄνθρωπος模板參數錯誤：請檢查更正引用語言代碼
|zh-classical = ἄνθρωπος模板參數錯誤：文言文請使用zh-lzh或lzh
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 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
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 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
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}} 「人」），是一種對人類社會的仇恨、不信任或不屑的感情。有厭世態度的人一般會基於人類的「缺陷」或「惡習」而對人類這一物種作出消極評價，其往往認為，這些缺陷是所有人或至少是絕大多數人的特徵，除非徹底改變主流生活方式，否則沒有簡單的方法可以糾正這些缺陷。若是專門針對人類的本性帶有強烈不信任的感情，則稱為犬儒主義（英語：cynicism）或憤世嫉俗。

一個與之相關的問題是導致人們產生想法的心理和社會因素。重要的因素包括對以前崇拜的人的幻想破滅、社會不平等以及生活在專制的環境下等。厭世與哲學、心理學、宗教學等各種學科相關，整個歷史上，哲學家們都在討論和舉例說明它，包括赫拉克利特、第歐根尼、托馬斯·霍布斯、讓-雅克·盧梭、亞瑟·叔本華和弗里德里希·尼采。

參考[編輯 | 編輯原始碼]

  • Act I. Eight Plays by Moliere Modern Library College Editions LCCCN 57-11167 p227
  • Moliere. Misanthrope, Act I Scene 1. Bibliomania.com. 2000 [November 8, 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-29）. 
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