消费行为

消费行为（英语：Consumer Behavior）又称消费者行为，硏究对象是个人、家庭、团体或组织：他们去选择、保存，使用和处置产品、服务，经验或想法，以满足需求，而这些过程对消费者和社会有所影响<ref>Kuester, Sabine (2012): MKT 301: Strategic Marketing & Marketing in Specific Industry Contexts, University of Mannheim, p. 110.</ref>。它融合了心理学、社会学、社会人类学，市场学和经济学的元素，试图了解买方的决策过程，包括个人及团体：例如情绪如何影响购买行为。它研究个体消费者的特征，如人口结构及行为变数，以了解人们的需求，还试图评估家庭、朋友、运动，参照群体和一般社会群体对消费者的影响<ref>Lynn R. Kahle, Angeline G. Close. Consumer Behavior Knowledge for Effective Sports and Event Marketing. New York: Routledge. 2011. ISBN 978-0-415-87358-1. </ref> <ref>Elizabeth A. Minton, Lynn R. Khale. Belief Systems, Religion, and Behavioral Economics. New York: Business Expert Press LLC. 2014. ISBN 978-1-60649-704-3. </ref>。

消费者行为的研究涉及购买行为的所有方面，从购买前的活动到购买后的消费、评价和处理活动。它还涉及直接或间接参与购买决定和消费活动的所有人，包括品牌影响者和意见领袖。研究表明，即使是该领域的专家，消费者行为也很难预测。

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}}）假设有一个黑色的盒子，无法打开以“看看里面”是如何运作的，在一切将有可能发生的基础上，发生了什么事（输入），经过里面的运作，可以产生什么的结果（输出）。它显示消费者的特点、刺激因素，决策过程及消费者反应的相互作用<ref name="sandhusen218">Sandhusen, Richard L.: Marketing (2000). Cf. S. 218 {{#if:||（}}页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆{{#if:||）}}</ref>。

环境因素		买方的黑盒子		买方的反应
营销刺激	环境刺激	买方特点	决策过程	买方的反应
产品价格地点促销	经济技术政治文化人口自然	态度动机感知个性生活方式知识	问题识别讯息搜寻方法评估购买决定购买后行为	产品选择品牌选择零售商选择购买时间购买数量

黑盒子模型考虑到买方的反应是：有意识的、理性的，并假定买方已经意识到一个问题，透过一个决策过程可达到消费的目标。

决策过程[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

买方或消费者的决策过程，使用于市场交易以前、进行中，或在购买商品或服务之后。

信息搜寻（英语：{{#switch:en

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 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
   |英語
   |非中文內容
   }}
 }}的條目]] 
   | 
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|no
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
   |英語
   |非中文內容
   }}
 }}的條目]]}}

| talk = | user = | wikipedia = | image = | mediawiki = | template = | help = | category = | portal = | wikiproject = | other | #default = }} }} | {{#switch:

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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
   |英語
   |非中文內容
   }}
 }}的條目]]}}

| talk = | user = | wikipedia = | image = | mediawiki = | template = | help = | category = | portal = | wikiproject = | other | #default = }} | }}

   }}
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}}）一旦消费者已经意识到一个问题，他们会搜寻有关产品及服务的信息，以解决该问题<ref>Belch, G.E., and Belch, M.A. (2007), Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Perspective, Seventh Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.</ref>。

方法评估（英语：{{#switch:en

|zh|gan|zh-yue = Alternative evaluation
|jp|jap = -{Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：日文請使用ja
|gr = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：希臘文請使用el或gre
|kp = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：朝鮮文請使用ko或kor
|po = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：波蘭文請使用pl或pol
|sp = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：西班牙文請使用es或spa
|cz = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：捷克文請使用cs或cze
|kz = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：哈薩克文請使用kk或kaz
|dk = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：丹麥文請使用da
|unicode|ipa = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：請檢查更正引用語言代碼
|zh-classical = Alternative evaluation模板參數錯誤：文言文請使用zh-lzh或lzh
|#default = Alternative evaluation}}{{#switch:en
|ar|arc|arz|az|ckb|dv|fa|glk|ha|he|ks|ku|mzn|pnb|ps|ug|ur|yi = ‎
|#default = }}{{#if:
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| basepage =

| subpage = dontcat

| subsubpage = dontcat

}}

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| basepage = dontcat

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}}

| |

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|

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 | hide = 
 | #default  = 
   {{#ifeq: h0#384!5nea+w9 |  [[Category:含有{{#switch:en
 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{字词转换器深度越限（10）{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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|1        = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
|#default = Str mid 
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
   |英語
   |非中文內容
   }}
 }}的條目]]}}

| talk = | user = | wikipedia = | image = | mediawiki = | template = | help = | category = | portal = | wikiproject = | other | #default = }} }} | {{#switch:

 {{#if: 
   | {{{demospace}}}
   | {{#ifeq:|
     | main
     | {{#ifeq:|talk
       | talk
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| main = {{#switch:{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}|1}}=0) or (25=0)|

|{{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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}}|Str mid]]{{#if:||{{{arg}}}}}}}: indexes i= and j= do not match requested substring length {{ safesubst:#if:1|{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}}}}}|}}}}}}|Template:Error

 |消費行為}}}}{{safesubst:#switch: no
|no
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
   |英語
   |非中文內容
   }}
 }}的條目]]}}

| talk = | user = | wikipedia = | image = | mediawiki = | template = | help = | category = | portal = | wikiproject = | other | #default = }} | }}

   }}
 }}

}}）这时消费者在被诱发的一系列品牌及产品中进行比较，考虑到一定数量的方法。

购买决定（英语：{{#switch:en

|zh|gan|zh-yue = Purchase decision
|jp|jap = -{Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：日文請使用ja
|gr = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：希臘文請使用el或gre
|kp = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：朝鮮文請使用ko或kor
|po = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：波蘭文請使用pl或pol
|sp = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：西班牙文請使用es或spa
|cz = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：捷克文請使用cs或cze
|kz = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：哈薩克文請使用kk或kaz
|dk = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：丹麥文請使用da
|unicode|ipa = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：請檢查更正引用語言代碼
|zh-classical = Purchase decision模板參數錯誤：文言文請使用zh-lzh或lzh
|#default = Purchase decision}}{{#switch:en
|ar|arc|arz|az|ckb|dv|fa|glk|ha|he|ks|ku|mzn|pnb|ps|ug|ur|yi = ‎
|#default = }}{{#if:
 {{#ifeq:  | true
 | dontcat    
 }}{{#ifeq:  | no
 | dontcat
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 | {{#if:{{#titleparts:|0|3}}
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 | {{#if:{{#titleparts:消費行為|0|3}}
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| basepage =

| subpage = dontcat

| subsubpage = dontcat

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| basepage = dontcat

| subpage = | subsubpage = }}

}}

| |

 {{#switch:
   {{#ifeq:  | false
   |   
   | {{#ifeq:  | yes
     |   
     | {{#ifeq:  | yes
       |   
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|

     {{#if:{{#titleparts:{{#if:|  | 消費行為 }}|0|2}}
     | 
        
          
            
              
                
                       
                 
               
             
           
         
       
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}}

       }}
     }}
   }}
 | hide = 
 | #default  = 
   {{#ifeq: h0#384!5nea+w9 |  [[Category:含有{{#switch:en
 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{字词转换器深度越限（10）{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
   |英語
   |非中文內容
   }}
 }}的條目]]}}

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|{{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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|no
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
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}}）为方案进行了评估之后，消费者是愿意做出购买决定。有时，虽然有购买意欲但不导致实际购买<ref>Lynn R. Kahle, Pierre Valette-Florence. -{R|Marketplace Lifestyles in an Age of Social Media. New York: M.E. Sharpe, Inc. 2012. ISBN 978-0-7656-2561-8. </ref>。

购买后行为（英语：{{#switch:en

|zh|gan|zh-yue = Post-purchase behavior
|jp|jap = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：日文請使用ja
|gr = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：希臘文請使用el或gre
|kp = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：朝鮮文請使用ko或kor
|po = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：波蘭文請使用pl或pol
|sp = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：西班牙文請使用es或spa
|cz = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：捷克文請使用cs或cze
|kz = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：哈薩克文請使用kk或kaz
|dk = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：丹麥文請使用da
|unicode|ipa = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：請檢查更正引用語言代碼
|zh-classical = Post-purchase behavior模板參數錯誤：文言文請使用zh-lzh或lzh
|#default = Post-purchase behavior}}{{#switch:en
|ar|arc|arz|az|ckb|dv|fa|glk|ha|he|ks|ku|mzn|pnb|ps|ug|ur|yi = ‎
|#default = }}{{#if:
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 | hide = 
 | #default  = 
   {{#ifeq: h0#384!5nea+w9 |  [[Category:含有{{#switch:en
 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
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|#default = _IN:_i2=_sublen3={{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}_j4=u_min=Template:Min_CORE:slen:25_i={{#if:}||{{#ifexpr:({{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|1|0}} and {{#if:|1|0}})|{{#expr:Template:Min-{字词转换器深度越限（10）{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}+{{#ifexpr:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}<0|-1|1}}}}|1}}}}_j=Template:Min_inv={{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}||0|{{#expr:abs(−1)−1}}}}<0|yes|no}}_tchk={{#if:{{#if:|{{#if:{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}|{{#if:|{{#ifexpr:((-+1)<>{{#expr:abs(-1)-1}}) and (*<>0)|Error using {{[[{{#switch: 
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
   |英語
   |非中文內容
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 |ar       = 阿拉伯語
 |en|eng   = 英語
 |es       = Template:ISO 639 name es
 |de       = 德語
 |fr       = 法語
 |ja|jp|jap= 日語
 |bg       = Template:ISO 639 name bg
 |cs       = Template:ISO 639 name cs
 |da       = Template:ISO 639 name da
 |nl       = Template:ISO 639 name nl
 |et       = Template:ISO 639 name et
 |fi       = Template:ISO 639 name fi
 |el|gre   = 希臘語
 |hu       = Template:ISO 639 name hu
 |ga       = Template:ISO 639 name ga
 |grc      = 古希臘語
 |kr       = Template:ISO 639 name kr
 |la|lat   = 拉丁語
 |cy       = Template:ISO 639 name cy
 |sl|slv   = Template:ISO 639 name sl
 |zh-yue|yue = Template:ISO 639 name zh-yue
 |zh|zh-hans|zh-hant|zh-cn|zh-tw|zh-hk|zh-sg|zh-mo|zh-my|zh-hani = 明確引用中文
 |#default = {{#ifexist:Category:含有英語的條目
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}}）法索（2005）<ref>Foxall, G. (2005.) Understanding Consumer Choice. Basingstoke. Palgrave Macmillan.</ref>进一步表明了购买后评价的重要，这会对未来的购买模式有所影响。购买后行为是消费者决策过程的一个阶段。在该阶段，消费者根据他们是否满意在购买产品之后采取进一步的行动。它包括一些在产品使用后可能产生的心理活动以及消费者发生在购买以后的典型行为。

　　针对消费者的这些心理活动和行为，营销人员在消费者购买之后可采取相应措施来增加消费者的满意和未来的销售。可能有满意及不满意，造成此因素为期望理论有关，消费者可能造成认知失调，进而影响购后行为的满意程度。

其他影响[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

消费行为被内部条件影响，例如人口结构、心理变数（生活方式）、性格、动机、知识、态度，信仰和情感的影响。心理因素包括个人的动机、感知、态度和信念；而个人因素则包括收入水平、性格、年龄，职业和生活方式。

参见[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

参考文献[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

1 }}

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消费行为

目录

决策过程[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

其他影响[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

参见[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

参考文献[编辑 | 编辑源代码]

导航菜单

心理学
The Greek letter 'psi', a symbol for psychology
大纲历史 [[:{{#if:心理学的子领域\|心理学的子领域\|Subfields of psychology}}\|子领域]]（英语：Subfields of psychology）
[[:{{#if:心理学基础\|心理学基础\|Basic science (psychology)}}\|{{#if:心理学基础\|心理学基础\|Basic science (psychology)}}]]（英语：Basic science (psychology)） {{#if:\|{{{content}}} }} 异常心理学行为遗传学生物心理学心理药物学认知心理学比较心理学跨文化心理学文化心理学 [[:{{#if:差异心理学\|差异心理学\|Differential psychology}}\|{{#if:差异心理学\|差异心理学\|Differential psychology}}]]（英语：Differential psychology）发展心理学演化心理学实验心理学数学心理学神经心理学人格心理学正面心理学 [[:{{#if:定量心理学\|定量心理学\|Quantitative psychology}}\|{{#if:定量心理学\|定量心理学\|Quantitative psychology}}]]（英语：Quantitative psychology）社会心理学
应用心理学 {{#if:\|{{{content}}} }} 应用行为分析心理语言学临床心理学社区心理学消费行为咨商心理学批判社区心理学教育心理学环境心理学人因工程学法庭心理学健康心理学人本主义心理学工业与组织心理学 [[:{{#if:本体解释学\|本体解释学\|Ontological hermeneutics}}\|{{#if:本体解释学\|本体解释学\|Ontological hermeneutics}}]]（英语：Ontological hermeneutics）法庭心理学经济心理学 [[:{{#if:医学心理学\|医学心理学\|Medical psychology}}\|{{#if:医学心理学\|医学心理学\|Medical psychology}}]]（英语：Medical psychology） [[:{{#if:军事心理学\|军事心理学\|Military psychology}}\|{{#if:军事心理学\|军事心理学\|Military psychology}}]]（英语：Military psychology）音乐心理学 [[:{{#if:职业健康心理学\|职业健康心理学\|Occupational health psychology}}\|{{#if:职业健康心理学\|职业健康心理学\|Occupational health psychology}}]]（英语：Occupational health psychology）政治心理学宗教心理学 [[:{{#if:学校心理学\|学校心理学\|School psychology}}\|{{#if:学校心理学\|学校心理学\|School psychology}}]]（英语：School psychology）运动心理学交通心理学
[[:{{#if:Category:心理学列表\|Category:心理学列表\|Category:Psychology lists}}\|心理学列表]]（英语：Category:Psychology lists） {{#if:\|{{{content}}} }} [[:{{#if:心理学学科列表\|心理学学科列表\|List of psychology disciplines}}\|{{#if:心理学学科列表\|心理学学科列表\|List of psychology disciplines}}]]（英语：List of psychology disciplines） [[:{{#if:心理学组织列表\|心理学组织列表\|List of psychology organizations}}\|{{#if:心理学组织列表\|心理学组织列表\|List of psychology organizations}}]]（英语：List of psychology organizations）心理学家列表 [[:{{#if:心理治疗列表\|心理治疗列表\|List of psychotherapies}}\|{{#if:心理治疗列表\|心理治疗列表\|List of psychotherapies}}]]（英语：List of psychotherapies） [[:{{#if:心理学重要著作列表\|心理学重要著作列表\|List of important publications in psychology}}\|{{#if:心理学重要著作列表\|心理学重要著作列表\|List of important publications in psychology}}]]（英语：List of important publications in psychology）心理学研究方法列表心理学学派列表心理学的时间表 [[:{{#if:心理学文章索引\|心理学文章索引\|Index of psychology articles}}\|{{#if:心理学文章索引\|心理学文章索引\|Index of psychology articles}}]]（英语：Index of psychology articles）
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