编辑“精神藥理學”（章节）

=== [[药物效应动力学|藥物效應動力學]]<ref name=":0" />===

*{{Tsl|en|Drug nomenclature|藥物命名法}}
*[[受体 (生物化学)|受體]]與[[配體]]（就像鎖與匙<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers|url=https://www.sinauer.com/|work=www.sinauer.com|accessdate=2019-03-19|archive-date=2019-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320114254/https://www.sinauer.com/|dead-url=no}}</ref>）每種[[神经递质|神經遞質]]可以有多個[[受体 (生物化学)|受體]]（如[[多巴胺]]有超過5種[[受体 (生物化学)|受體]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Purple Haze of Parkinson’s: How Dopamine Works|url=https://journeywithparkinsons.com/2015/08/05/purple-haze-of-parkinsons-how-dopamine-works/|work=Journey with Parkinson's|date=2015-08-05|accessdate=2019-03-19|language=en|archive-date=2019-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929010704/https://journeywithparkinsons.com/2015/08/05/purple-haze-of-parkinsons-how-dopamine-works/|dead-url=no}}</ref>）

{| class="wikitable"
!
![[配體 (生物化學)#受體與配體間的結合親和性|親和性]] (Affinity）
![[效能 (药理学)|效能]]（Efficacy）
|-
|[[激动剂|活化劑]]（agonist）
|高
|高
|-
|[[受体拮抗剂|阻斷劑]]（antagonist）
|中至高 
|低
|}

*[[構象改變]]，當受體和配體結合就會令蛋白發生結構上改變，從而影響[[效能 (药理学)|效能]]
*{{Tsl|en|Downregulation and upregulation|調升與調降}}：指因為[[配體]]的數量影響（太多或太少），[[受体 (生物化学)|受體]]的數量或敏感程度改變<ref>{{Cite web|title=2. General Mechanisms of the Endocrine Regulation • Functions of Cells and Human Body|url=http://fblt.cz/en/skripta/xi-regulacni-mechanismy-1-endokrinni-regulace/2-obecne-principy-endokrinni-regulace/|accessdate=2019-03-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321131038/http://fblt.cz/en/skripta/xi-regulacni-mechanismy-1-endokrinni-regulace/2-obecne-principy-endokrinni-regulace/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=About Huntington's Disease and Serotonin|url=https://hopes.stanford.edu/about-huntingtons-disease-and-serotonin/|work=HOPES Huntington's Disease Information|date=2011-06-30|accessdate=2019-03-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190314161305/https://hopes.stanford.edu/about-huntingtons-disease-and-serotonin/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
*{{Tsl|en|Dose response curve|劑量反應曲線}}<ref>{{Citation|title=Agonist Dose Response Curves|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9WRy53g6sPE|date=2015-06-11|accessdate=2019-03-21|last=Pharmapedia|archive-date=2021-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521052850/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9WRy53g6sPE}}</ref>：[[File:Potency_Figure16.png|缩略图|若要0.25單位反應, 藥B有更高的potent。但若要0.75單位反應藥A反而更potent。]]指不同劑量下的反應。低劑量亦可代表只有少量[[配體]]佔用了<ref>{{Cite web|title=basic_principles_of_pharm    [TUSOM {{!}} Pharmwiki]|url=http://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/basic_principles_of_pharm|work=tmedweb.tulane.edu|accessdate=2019-03-21|language=en|archive-date=2019-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321131040/http://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/basic_principles_of_pharm|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
**<math>ED_{50}</math>指一半測試人口都都可以有特定有用藥物反應
**<math>TD_{50}</math>指一半測試人口都都可以有特定有害藥物反應
**[[治療指數]] 是 <math>TD_{50} / ED_{50}</math>，越大數量該藥物越安全<ref>{{Cite web|title=ToxTutor - Determining the Safety of a Drug|url=https://toxtutor.nlm.nih.gov/02-005.html|work=toxtutor.nlm.nih.gov|accessdate=2019-03-21|archive-date=2019-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321131039/https://toxtutor.nlm.nih.gov/02-005.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
**[[效价强度|效價強度]]<ref>{{Citation|title=Efficacy vs Potency|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0OEm-cJs40|date=2015-06-15|accessdate=2019-03-19|last=Pharmapedia|archive-date=2022-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225091010/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0OEm-cJs40}}</ref>：指達到一定效果所需的劑量。如[[阿司匹林|阿士匹靈]]的[[效价强度|效價強度]]（potency）雖然較[[嗎啡]]、[[可待因]]等藥的[[效能 (药理学)|效能]]（Efficacy）低，但只需要增加劑量也可達到相同<math>ED_{50}</math>的止痛作用。