编辑“社会心理学”（章节）

===== 自我障碍 =====
{{See|自我妨碍}}
自我障碍又称自我妨碍，是个体提前准备用来解释自己失败原因的一套行为模式<ref name="PKU"/>{{Rp|46}}，通过预先假定自己会失败来维持或提高自尊<ref name="PKU"/>{{Rp|46}}<ref>{{Cite journal |title=An impression management interpretation of the self-handicapping strategy |author=Thomas A. Kolditz |url=https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2F0022-3514.43.3.492 |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |issue=3 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.43.3.492 |others=Robert M. Arkin |year=1982 |volume=43 |page=492–502 |language=en |access-date=2021-07-22 |archive-date=2021-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211010929/https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2F0022-3514.43.3.492 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=The Double-Edged Sword of Self-Handicapping: Discounting, Augmentation, and the Protection and Enhancement of Self-Esteem |author=David L. Feick |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024434600296 |journal=Motivation and Emotion |doi=10.1023/A:1024434600296 |others=Frederick Rhodewalt |year=1997 |volume=21 |page=147-163 |language=en |access-date=2021-03-04 |archive-date=2020-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509210027/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024434600296 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

个体常以自己受到各种外部因素影响为由引导他人将自己的成功归因于自己的能力，将失败归因于外部因素<ref name="PKU"/>{{Rp|46}}。