编辑“創造性想像”（章节）

== 视觉和非视觉心像 ==
[[大脑]]也能够产生其它类型的心像 ，除了视觉心像以外，[[感知]]模拟或重建是跨越所有[[感觉系统]]，包括[[聽覺系統]]的[[声音]] ，味觉心像的[[味觉]] 、[[嗅觉]]的氣味、<ref name="#4">Stevenson, R. J., and Case, T. I., Olfactory imagery: A review. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2005, pp244–264.</ref> [[运动心像]]的运动、和[[触-压觉|触觉心像]]的[[体感|触摸]] (包含質地 、[[温度]]、[[压强|压力]]的組合)。<ref>Miquée, A., Xerri, C., Rainville, C., Anton, J. L., Nazarian, B., Roth, M., and Zennou-Azogui, Y., Neuronal substrates of haptic shape encoding and matching: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroscience, Vol. 152, No. 1,2008, pp29-39.</ref><ref name="#5">Juttner, M., and Rentschler, I., Imagery in multi-modal object learning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Vol. 25, No. 2, 2002, pp197–198.</ref> 

尽管能够在感官模式中生成心像，<ref>Kosslyn, S. M., Ganis, G., and Thompson, W. L., Neural foundations of imagery. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Vol. 2, No. 9, 2001, pp635–642.</ref><ref>Pearson, D. G., Mental imagery and creative thought. Proceedings of the British Academy, Vol. 147, 2007, pp187–212.</ref>但“'''创造性想像'''”这一术语表示一个人特定地生成和处理视觉心像的过程。 

创造性想像与{{le|引导心像|Guided imagery}}密切相关，且通常被视为引导心像的一部分。在引导心像中，受过训练的从业者或教师帮助参与者或患者唤起并生成心像<ref>Complementary, Alternative, or Integrative Health: What's In a Name? US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. National Institutes of Health. NIH Publication No. D347. [https://nccih.nih.gov/health/integrative-health Online Version.] {{Wayback|url=https://nccih.nih.gov/health/integrative-health |date=20171222001306 }} Retrieved 31 July 2015.</ref> ，模拟或重建视觉、<ref name="#1"/><ref>Cocude, M., and Denis, M., Measuring the temporal characteristics of visual images. Journal of Mental Imagery, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1988, pp89–101.</ref>声音、<ref>Zatorre, R. J., Halpern, A. R., and Bouffard, M., Mental reversal of imagined melodies: A role for the posterior parietal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Vol. 22, No. 4, 2010, pp775-789.</ref> [[味觉|味覺]]<ref>Kosslyn S. M., Ganis G., and Thompson W. L., Neural foundations of imagery. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Vol. 2, No. 9, 2001, pp635–642.</ref> 、<ref name="#6">Tiggemann, M., and Kemps, E., The phenomenology of food cravings: The role of mental imagery. Appetite, Vol. 45, No. 3, 2005, pp305–313.</ref>气味、<ref name="#4"/> 運動 <ref>McAvinue, L. P., and Robertson, I. H., Measuring motor imagery ability: A review. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, Vol. 20, No. 2, 2008, pp232–251.</ref>、触覺，<ref name="#5"/>甚至是主觀體驗，與传统感覺有别的[[想象]]或[[心灵|心理]]内容 <ref>Banissy, M. J., Walsh, V., and Ward, J., Enhanced sensory perception in synesthesia. Experimental Brain Research, Vol. 196, No. 4, 2009, pp565–571.</ref> 

不過在[[對照實驗|受控实验中]]，人们参与引导心像<ref name="#7">Betts, G. H., The distribution and functions of mental imagery. New York: Columbia University, 1909.</ref> <ref name="#6"/> ，视觉心像在[[科学方法|科学]]文献中留下最為广泛的[[研究]]和记录，视觉和听觉心像仍是人们最常见的经历。<ref name="#8">Kosslyn, S. M., Thompson, W. L., and Ganis, G., The case for mental imagery. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 2006.</ref><ref name="#9">Pearson, D. G., De Beni, R., and Cornoldi, C., The generation and transformation of visuo-spatial mental images. In M. Denis, R. H. Logie, C. Cornoldi, M. de Vega, and J. Engelkamp (Eds.), Imagery, language and visuo-spatial thinking. Hove: Psychology Press, 2001, pp1-23.</ref><ref name="#10">Logie, R. H., Visuo-spatial working memory Hove. UK: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1995.</ref> 

所有心像，包括透過创造性想像产生的视觉心像，都可能使强烈的[[情绪]]或[[感覺|感觉]]沉澱或與之產生关联。<ref name="#2"/><ref name="#3"/><ref>Holmes, E. A., and Mathews, A., Mental imagery in emotion and emotional disorders. Clinical Psychology Review, Vol. 30, No. 3, 2010, pp349–362,</ref>